There are two important blackbox testing techniques which helps testers in writing test cases
1.Boundary Value Analysis(BVA)
2.Equivqlence Class Partitioning(ECP)
Boundary Value Analysis:Many systems have tendency to fail on boundary. So testing boundry values of application is important.Whenever requirement talk about boundaries to input fields the validating those boundaries will be challenging task .Boundary value analysis leads to a selection of test cases that exercise
bounding values .
Guidelines:
If an input condition specifies a range bounded by values a and b, test cases should be designed with value a and b, just above and below a and b.
Example: Integer D with input condition [-3, 10],
test values: -3, 10, 11, -2, 0
If an input condition specifies a number values, test cases should be developed to exercise the minimum and maximum numbers. Values just above and below minimum and maximum are also tested.
Test min, min-1, max, max+1, typical values
Equivqlence Class Partitioning :Whenever requirement talks about different type of data then we think of ECP .ECP says identify all diffent kind/range of data for which system gives same response as a partitions .Then create a test a cases by picking one or two members from each partition .
Equivalence classes can be defined using the following guidelines:
If an input condition specifies a range, one valid and two invalid equivalence class are defined.
If an input condition requires a specific value, one valid and two invalid equivalence classes are defined.
If an input condition specifies a member of a set, one valid and one invalid equivalence classes are defined.
If an input condition is Boolean, one valid and one invalid classes are defined.
Examples:
area code: input condition, Boolean - the area code may or may not be present. input condition, range - value defined between 200 and 900
password: input condition, Boolean - a password nay or may not be present. input condition, value - six character string.
command: input condition, set - containing commands noted before.
1.Boundary Value Analysis(BVA)
2.Equivqlence Class Partitioning(ECP)
Boundary Value Analysis:Many systems have tendency to fail on boundary. So testing boundry values of application is important.Whenever requirement talk about boundaries to input fields the validating those boundaries will be challenging task .Boundary value analysis leads to a selection of test cases that exercise
bounding values .
Guidelines:
If an input condition specifies a range bounded by values a and b, test cases should be designed with value a and b, just above and below a and b.
Example: Integer D with input condition [-3, 10],
test values: -3, 10, 11, -2, 0
If an input condition specifies a number values, test cases should be developed to exercise the minimum and maximum numbers. Values just above and below minimum and maximum are also tested.
Test min, min-1, max, max+1, typical values
Equivqlence Class Partitioning :Whenever requirement talks about different type of data then we think of ECP .ECP says identify all diffent kind/range of data for which system gives same response as a partitions .Then create a test a cases by picking one or two members from each partition .
Equivalence classes can be defined using the following guidelines:
If an input condition specifies a range, one valid and two invalid equivalence class are defined.
If an input condition requires a specific value, one valid and two invalid equivalence classes are defined.
If an input condition specifies a member of a set, one valid and one invalid equivalence classes are defined.
If an input condition is Boolean, one valid and one invalid classes are defined.
Examples:
area code: input condition, Boolean - the area code may or may not be present. input condition, range - value defined between 200 and 900
password: input condition, Boolean - a password nay or may not be present. input condition, value - six character string.
command: input condition, set - containing commands noted before.
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